Skin exfoliation, also called resurfacing means removal of the dead cells of the top (superficial) layer of the epidermis of skin. This is done by: mechanical, chemical, or surgical means. The use of any one of these depends upon several factors such as: costs, availability, safety, degree or severity of the lesions, and the effectiveness of the method used.



Mechanical exfoliation is done by scrubbing the skin with textured materials, cleansing grains with micro-beads or crystals. The results of self application of any one of these may be hard to assess or determine especially for those who are not used to these methods. Over used or under used will influence the results. Over used can cause damage to the skin.



Chemical exfoliation with high concentrations of active ingredients such as:salicylic acid, alpha or beta hydroxy acids and glycolic acids need to be applied by Dermatologists. These higher concentrated ingredients are prescription medications. They can be toxic when not supervised by Dermatologists.



Laser skin exfoliation and surgical dermabrasions are carried out by Physicians or Plastic Surgeons. Skin filler injections and botox injections are done by Physicians for deeper wrinkles. All these treatments are effective for severe lesions in majority of cases, however, they are not without complications. Some results maybe poor or unacceptable.



Due to modern technology in formulating natural products (homeopathic) we find some products in the markets to be effective for skin care of wrinkles and blemishes. These products contain different active ingredients for exfoliation in lower concentration compared to that prescribed medications by Physicians. These natural products not only contain the active ingredients but also contain antioxidants and vitamins necessary to promote collagen production and increase elasticity of the skin. These are safe to use even for long term use. They are useful for milder and for some moderate types of wrinkles or blemishes in younger than 60 years old individuals.



Some of the active ingredients in the exfoliators being marketed (salicylic acid, hyaluronic acid, and anhy-droxy acids, and other similar substances) are formulated to have 2%-10% concentrations. Sensitivity to any one of these can happen but rarely. However, one should be very cautious when using exfoliator to protect the skin from sun light. Other than removing the dead cells from the top layer of skin epidermis, exfoliators also cleanse the skin of contaminants in that it open up the hair follicles thereby preventing acne formation especially for those who have history of recurrent acne. Skin treated with exfoliators appears fresh, bright, feels tight, and oily.



In summary, natural skin exfoliators are good aids in treating wrinkles and blemishes. They are preventive measures for recurrent acne. They are cheap and safe to use.